In this
overstressed, hyperlinked age, some people seem wired to everything but each
other. The struggle to balance career and family has had an unintended
casualty: friends. Sociologists say that the time of life when people have the
most friends is young adulthood and old age; the time of life when people have
the least friends is middle age. But I can't say that my parents' ability to
maintain friendship ebbs and flows.
Social Problems Through Art and Children in Russian
Painting
Bogdanov-Belsky Nikolai Petrovich
Nikolai Bogdanov-Belsky was born in the province of
Smolensk into a peasant family. From 1884 to 1889 he studied at the Moscow
School of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture under Makovsky, Polenov and
Pryanishnikov. From 1890 onwards he exhibited with the Itinerants, and in 1895
became a member of the Society for Circulating Art Exhibitions.
Bogdanov-Belsky had a particular liking for depicting peasants, especially
peasant children. His generally acclaimed paintings devoted to village school
life are "Oral Reckoning at Rachinsky’s People’s school” (1903).
Bogdanov-Belsky painted a serious of portraits of eminent figures of
contemporary Russian culture, among them the pedagogue, professor Rachinsky
(1903), the artist Borhm, the historian and bibliographer Barsukov (1902),
Fiodor Shaliapin (1916) and Maxim Gorky (1940).
A. Venetsianov (1780-1847) didn’t come of a family of
artists, neither did he study at the Academy of Fine Arts. Actually a
self-taught artist, he became a leader of a whole school of Russian painters.
He contributed to the history of Russian culture much that was new and
original. In fact, his creations marked the birth of Russian genre and
landscape painting. There are the most outstanding productions of this master
Передвижники - художники,
входившие в российское демократическое художественное объединение "Товарищество
передвижных художественных выставок" (ТПХВ), созданное в 1870 г. по инициативе
И. Крамского, Г. Мясоедова, Н. Ге и В. Перова. Первая выставка состоялась в
1871 г. Передвижники испытали воздействие общественных и эстетических взглядов
В. Белинского и Н. Чернышевского. Большую роль в формировании их творческой
программы сыграл критик В. Стасов. П. Третьяков материально поддерживал
передвижников, приобретая их произведения для своей галереи. Передвижники были
убежденными реалистами, а выдвинутая ими программа народности искусства
выражалась в изображении типических сторон и многогранных характеров
социальной жизни, часто с критической тенденцией ("Земство обедает" Г.
Мясоедова, 1872 г, "Встреча иконы" К. Савицкого, 1878 г.). Передвижники
показывают не только бедность, но и красоту народного быта ("Приход колдуна на
крестьянскую свадьбу" В Максимова, 1875 г.), не только страдание, но и
стойкость перед лицом жизненных невзгод, мужество и силу характеров
Скачать весь спецкурс "Politilogy" одним файлом можно здесь
Politology
Unit I
Terrorism
Новый учебный год начался в
школах Беслана с опозданием на две недели. У входа в среднюю школу № 6 в
Беслане. Эта школа находится ближе всего к школе № 1, в которой произошли
трагические события.
Ex. 1. Look at the
picture and answer the questions:
1. What event did you
associate with this photo?
2. How did you respond to the
news on the first of September in Beslan?
3. How did the images of this
tragedy affect you?
4. What emotions have you
experienced?
5. Do you feel
safe?
6. What do you think the
adults should do to promote a feeling of safe?
Ex. 2. Describe
President Putin’s reaction to this tragedy in Beslan. How would you describe
this tone, his words and his demeanor? What steps was he taking to address the
situation?
Globalization: Uniting People or Destroying the
Planet?
Text 1
It Brings Harm and Chaos
It's not at all easy to write about something you've never actually
seen or even imagined. But still, my ideas of globalization are as follows: it's
bad culturally, economically and ecologically.
The economical issue is not my favorite subject, but I've heard many
times, that globalization is only good for the so-called developed countries and
is likely to harm the interests of the countries like Russia, which won't be
able to survive in the situation of worldwide competition. The ecological issue
is clear here: the territories that are not to be touched now, because their
inhabitants belong to some small rare ethnic groups, will become part of
international property and therefore probably destroyed. The cultural issue is
of the biggest interest to me and to the rest of the world. Even omitting the
fact that the previously mentioned small ethnic groups will most likely die out,
we cannot overlook the general resistance of the world to being united and
unified.
A political system is a cultural universal and a social institution formed in every
society. Each society must have a political system because politics is
deciding who gets what, when and how.
Power is at the
heart of a political system, for it is defined as the ability to exercise one's
will ever others. Power relations can involve large organizations, small groups,
or even people in an intimate association.
There are three basic sources of power within any political system —
force, influence and authority. Force is the actual or threatened use of
coercion to impose one's will on others. When leaders imprison or even execute
political dissidents, they are applying force; so, too; are terrorists when they
seize an embassy or assassinate a political leader. Influence, on the
other hand, refers to the exercise of power through a process of persuasion. A
citizen may change his or her political position because of the newspaper
editorial, an expert testimony, or a stirring speech at a rally by a political
activist.
The United Nations is an organization of sovereign nations
representing almost all of humanity. It has as its central goal the maintenance
of international peace and security. Additionally, its purposes call for the
development of friendly relations among nations based on equal rights and
self-determination of peoples and, through international co-operation, the
solution of problems of an economic, social, cultural and humanitarian
nature.
The United Nations is the meeting-place where representatives of all
member states — great and small, rich and poor, with varying political views and
social systems — have a voice and an equal vote in shaping a common course of
action.
The United Nations has played, and continues to play, an active role
in reducing tension in the world, preventing conflicts and putting an end to
fighting already under way.
